What does learning mean? There exists a very old definition of learning, done by R.M. Smith 1982: It has been suggested that the term learning defies precise definition because it is put to multiple uses. Learning is used to refer to (1) the acquisition and mastery of what is already known about something, (2) the…
Adult education has been a fundamental part of further education and Life Long Learning for decades. It can be seen as a tool to remove illiteracy from society. It gives people a chance to increase their education after school has finished or besides their vocational education or professional development. In many European countries, Adult Education…
A framework is a particular set of rules, ideas, or beliefs which you use in order to deal with problems or to decide what to do[1]. Typical problems in education are: quality enhancement, needs and preconditions of learners, pedagogical concepts, structure of lessons (or courses) and other more. Teaching and learning frameworks are research-informed…
The flipped approach means active and self-directed learning, to “flip” the roles (Trainer ⇒ Facilitator, Learner ⇒ Self-determining adult) with self-responsibility for their learning (heutagogical approach). Heutagogy means self-determined learning. It is important that learners acquire both competencies and capabilities. Competency can be understood as proven ability in acquiring knowledge and skills (and attitudes), while…
